The Lost Temples of Modhera – Gujarat’s Sun Temple Legacy
Modhera, a small town in Gujarat’s Mehsana district, is home to one of India’s most spectacular yet underrated marvels—the Sun Temple. Built in the 11th century during the reign of King Bhima I of the Solanki dynasty, the Modhera Sun Temple rivals Konark in Odisha but remains relatively hidden from mainstream tourist circuits. Its unique combination of mythology, astronomy, and architecture makes it a must-visit destination for travelers seeking offbeat heritage experiences.
☀️ The History of Modhera Sun Temple
The temple was built in 1026 CE by the Solanki king Bhima I, who belonged to a dynasty that considered themselves Suryavanshis (descendants of the Sun God). The temple was dedicated to Surya, the Sun God, and designed so that during the equinox, the first rays of the rising sun would directly illuminate the sanctum sanctorum.
Unlike many temples, Modhera is no longer an active place of worship—no prayers are performed here today. It stands as a historical monument under the care of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
🌌 Legends Behind Modhera
According to Skanda Purana, Modhera is linked to the tale of Lord Rama. After defeating Ravana, Rama came here to purify himself from the sin of killing a Brahmin (since Ravana was a Brahmin by birth). The spot thus became sacred, and a temple was built centuries later to honor Surya.
🏛️ Architectural Grandeur
The temple complex is divided into three main parts:
- Surya Kund (Stepwell): A grand rectangular tank with 108 shrines dedicated to different gods and demi-gods. Pilgrims traditionally bathed here before entering the temple.
- Sabha Mandap (Assembly Hall): A hall supported by 52 intricately carved pillars, symbolizing the weeks of the year. The carvings depict stories from the Ramayana, Mahabharata, and Puranas.
- Guda Mandap (Sanctum): The innermost chamber once housed the idol of Surya. Ingeniously constructed so that sunlight would fall directly on the deity during specific days of the year.
🕌 Hidden Temples Around Modhera
While the Sun Temple is the highlight, the region also houses lesser-known shrines:
- Shankheshwar Jain Temple: About 30 km away, dedicated to Parshwanath, popular among Jain pilgrims.
- Patan’s Rani ki Vav: A UNESCO heritage stepwell just 35 km away, intricately decorated with sculptures of deities and celestial nymphs.
- Bahuchar Mata Temple: Revered by devotees, located near Becharaji, about 30 km from Modhera.
📅 Best Time to Visit
- October – March: Pleasant weather, perfect for exploring the temple and nearby attractions.
- January: Attend the Modhera Dance Festival, where classical dancers perform against the stunning temple backdrop.
🛣️ How to Reach Modhera
- By Air: Nearest airport is Ahmedabad (100 km away).
- By Rail: Mehsana Junction (25 km) is the closest railway station.
- By Road: Well-connected by highways; taxis and buses are available from Ahmedabad and Mehsana.
🏨 Where to Stay
- Ahmedabad: Ideal for luxury hotels and cultural experiences.
- Mehsana: Budget and mid-range options closer to Modhera.
- Gujarat Tourism Guest Houses: Affordable stays near the temple area.
🎭 Experience the Modhera Dance Festival
Every January, the Tourism Department of Gujarat organizes the Modhera Dance Festival in the temple complex. Classical artists from across India perform Bharatanatyam, Odissi, Kathak, and Kuchipudi under the full moon, creating a surreal atmosphere. This festival revives the temple’s heritage and offers travelers a chance to see art and history merge.
💡 Travel Tips
- Visit during early morning or late afternoon for the best lighting for photography.
- Carry water and snacks—facilities near the temple are limited.
- Respect the monument; no rituals are allowed inside.
- Combine Modhera with Patan and Mehsana for a full-day heritage tour.
🌟 Conclusion
The Sun Temple of Modhera is a timeless gem of Gujarat, representing India’s glorious past of art, science, and spirituality. While it may not receive the same footfall as Konark or Khajuraho, its intricate carvings, astronomical alignment, and serene ambience make it one of India’s most fascinating hidden temples. For travelers seeking offbeat heritage experiences in 2025, Modhera should definitely be on the list.